Bile ducts, which carry bile from the liver to the small intestine, are located deep within the body. Bilirubin, a yellow pigment, is the byproduct of the bilirubin-producing process. The bilirubin is then metabolized by the liver and excreted. The disruption of this process can cause symptoms such as jaundice. Symptoms of bile duct cancer may not be apparent until the disease is advanced.
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Abdominal pain is one of the most common bile duct cancer symptoms. Pain in the right upper abdominal area below the ribs is a sign of bile duct cancer. However, abdominal pain can be caused by other causes, such as gallstones. In addition, itchy skin is a symptom of jaundice, an increase in bile in the bloodstream. These symptoms may also signal that bile duct cancer has developed.
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There is no known cause for bile duct cancer, but certain risk factors increase a person’s risk. Certain chemicals in the environment, such as asbestos and dioxins, have been linked to bile duct cancer. Similarly, chronic inflammation of the bile duct is also associated with a greater risk of bile duct cancer. Symptoms may include bile duct stones, gastrointestinal disorders, and autoimmune diseases.
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Some bile duct cancer symptoms mimic those of other liver diseases. They include jaundice, pain in the abdomen, dark urine, and itchy skin. Other less serious health problems can also cause jaundice. Patients who experience any of these symptoms should seek medical attention immediately. If the disease is advanced, treatment may focus on managing symptoms and monitoring the patient’s progress. Ultimately, the patient’s long-term survival rate is determined by the diagnosis of the disease.
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A doctor may perform additional tests to learn more about the symptoms and the cause of bile duct cancer. These tests can also determine the stage of the cancer. Stage of the cancer is a key part of treatment because it determines how far the cancer has spread and how much it has grown. Treatment options are determined according to stage, so ask questions about your specific situation. While bile duct cancer symptoms may appear to be mild, they may lead to more serious problems.
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Patients with bile duct cancer may experience pain, enlarged liver, and an elevated level of bilirubin in their blood. A physical exam may also reveal liver tenderness. A complete blood count will determine the amount of bilirubin in the blood. Complete blood counts and liver enzymes may also be measured. Symptoms of bile duct cancer can be detected through a number of tests, including a lipid profile, liver enzymes, and electrolytes.
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The first symptom of bile duct cancer is jaundice. It is often not diagnosed until a person develops jaundice. A CT scan may identify the condition for another reason. These tests may be done alone or in combination. When the doctor is confident in the diagnosis, the cancer can be removed and treatment can begin. If you experience any of these symptoms, consult with a physician as soon as possible.
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Diagnostic tests for bile duct cancer can include a cholangiogram, an endoscopy, or even a biopsy. A CT scan is the most common procedure, but a PET scan can detect bile duct cancer in the early stages. An endoscope is a thin, flexible, lighted tube that is inserted through the mouth or esophagus. During this procedure, a camera is attached to the endoscope and images are sent to a monitor.
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Treatment for bile duct cancer is focused on preventing the cancer from spreading and relieving its symptoms. Surgery may be required to remove a bile duct and part of the liver. A liver transplant may be necessary for survivors. If the cancer has spread to nearby organs, chemotherapy and radiation therapies will be used to kill the remaining cancer cells. These treatments can improve symptoms and prolong life. These treatments may be costly, but they can improve survival and quality of life for people diagnosed with bile duct cancer.
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People who have bile duct cancer are at increased risk for developing the disease. Those with certain medical conditions, including aging and primary sclerosing cholangitis, have a higher risk for the disease. However, people with symptoms of bile duct cancer should visit a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis. They will be able to determine if they are suffering from bile duct cancer or not.
