In the later stages of gastric cancer, the cancer has spread to deeper layers and may have reached lymph nodes nearby. If it has not spread to distant organs, a patient may be able to live a normal life for several years. Symptoms of gastric cancer are often very similar to symptoms of other types of cancer. The disease may also be associated with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. For more information, read the sections below.
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Treatment for gastric cancer may include chemotherapy or surgery. Chemotherapy is given to shrink the stomach tumor and kill cancer cells. It is given in cycles of a few weeks, so the patient may have to undergo several treatments. Radiation therapy, on the other hand, uses high-energy rays to damage the cancer cells and destroy them only in the affected areas. Surgical treatment for early-stage gastric cancer may include endoscopic resection or submucosal dissection, which removes cancer cells through a sleeve.
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In addition to its physical symptoms, gastric cancer may be accompanied by other symptoms such as an enlarged liver. Although there is no single cause of stomach cancer, several factors have been associated with its development. Genetics, environmental factors, infectious agents, and immune systems can all contribute to the development of this cancer. For instance, obesity increases the risk of developing stomach adenocarcinoma. In addition, individuals with certain blood types are at greater risk for developing this disease.
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People over age 55 have a higher risk of developing gastric cancer than those in their 30s. African Americans are at a greater risk than whites. Smoking has also been linked to the development of stomach cancer. Screening for stomach cancer is not routine in the United States. In addition to age, people with certain health conditions and those who smoke have a higher risk. Even though it is not common, early detection is often undetectable, making it essential for those at risk to understand the risks and symptoms of gastric cancer.
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Fortunately, most patients with this disease will be cured if detected early. Surgery is the most common treatment for gastric cancer, though other treatments such as radiation therapy are used to treat larger tumors. As with any cancer, early diagnosis is essential as it can result in a better outcome. Basically, cancer cells in the stomach multiply abnormally. These cells are capable of spreading to other parts of the body, resulting in a deadly disease. Gastric cancer is rare in women and is most common in older people.
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Another symptom of gastric cancer is anemia. Because the stomach produces large amounts of blood, a person suffering from stomach cancer may experience fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Vomiting blood or dark, sticky feces may also occur. Further symptoms of gastric cancer may include bowel obstruction, fractures, and neurologic changes. Patients may also experience swelling in the abdmen due to fluid. Further testing may be required for a diagnosis.
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While sporadic cases of stomach cancer have no family history, familial ones are more common. These cases occur within several generations of a family and may occur in a single person. In addition, individuals with a history of stomach cancer are at a higher risk for developing the disease. This increase is based on the type of relative affected, so it is important to be tested for the condition early. If you notice any of the symptoms listed above, make an appointment with your doctor for a diagnosis.
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In addition to symptoms, imaging tests are also used to diagnose stomach cancer. CT scans and endoscopic ultrasounds are two examples of these tests. Barium swallow imaging involves viewing the digestive tract as a liquid moves down the esophagus. A biopsy of the cancerous tissue may also be performed. In addition to imaging tests, the doctor may order CT scans and MRIs to determine whether there is a spread of the disease.
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Once the disease has spread to the lymph nodes and surrounding organs, treatment options include surgical stenting, a surgical bypass, or radiation therapy for symptoms. The prognosis of gastric cancer varies widely and is determined by the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. The extent of the spread of the cancer, the number of lymph nodes involved, and whether it has spread to distant organs determine the treatment options.
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The early detection of gastric cancer is critical to patients’ lives. Fortunately, the incidence of gastric cancer has decreased dramatically in many countries. Even though the number of cases of gastric cancer has decreased significantly in recent years, it is still the second-leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Because of its aggressiveness, it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, when it is more difficult to detect it. The prognosis for this disease is poor, with a five-year survival rate less than 30% in most series.
