The first step in diagnosing leukemia is to get a blood test. The results will determine the type and stage of the cancer. The doctor may also run a series of tests to find the leukemia’s location. These tests can help to determine the best treatment plan. In some cases, a doctor will perform a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. This procedure involves inserting a hollow needle into the patient’s bone marrow, using general anesthesia. A complete blood count will show how many of the cells are in each stage and how many are in the total. Additional blood tests may also be done, including chemical levels, liver and kidney function, and genetic tests.
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Some of the symptoms of leukemia are similar to those of other illnesses, like the flu. A person with leukemia may have an abnormally low white blood cell count, which may result in an increased risk of infection. They may also have a low number of red blood cells. Leukemia can also spread to the lymph nodes, which are vital for the immune system. When it spreads to these tissues, the leukemia cells can cause bleeding. People with leukemia may also develop chest pain, which is another symptom.
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The American Cancer Society estimates that about 61,000 people in the US will develop leukemia each year. There are two main types of leukemia – acute and chronic. Both types affect the body’s lymphocytes and myelocytes. They develop into different types of white blood cells. The bone marrow sends signals to these cells to control their production. Leukemia occurs when the cells don’t respond to these signals and continue to reproduce, crowding out the healthy blood cells.
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When the leukemia cells don’t mature, they become abnormal, and cannot fight infection. They are also less efficient in distributing oxygen and platelets. As a result, the organs in the body do not receive the proper amount of oxygen or platelets they need. As a result, the disease progresses rapidly, affecting the organs. It can be very dangerous and lead to a host of complications.
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Acute leukemia has similar symptoms to flu, and may appear suddenly, while chronic leukemia takes months or years to develop. Many people only learn they have the disease from routine blood tests. Fortunately, most leukemia cases can be treated with the right treatments. It is important to get treatment as early as possible to avoid any complications. The first step in treatment is getting a blood test. It will provide important information and make the process much easier.
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The second step in diagnosing leukemia is to know the type of the disease. While acute leukemia patients may have no symptoms at all, those diagnosed with chronic types of the disease can still experience symptoms, including infections, bleeding, and fatigue. A doctor can help you find the right treatment for you. You can also find out how your cancer has affected your immune system. It is important to consult a specialist if you have any of these symptoms.
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Acute lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in children and young adults. However, it can also affect adults and people over the age of 70. Chronic myelogenous leukemia, on the other hand, is more common in older adults and is most often found in older adults. This type of leukemia is also more common in men than women. The five-year survival rate for acute lymphocytic leukemia is 69.9 percent.
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While research is ongoing to determine the cause of leukemia, scientists believe that environmental and genetic factors are the main factors. In either case, the disease involves the growth of abnormal blood cells that crowd out healthy bone marrow cells. As a result, patients with leukemia will experience symptoms of anemia as well as bleeding due to a lack of functional red blood cells. The most common treatment options for leukemia are chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants.
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