What are Small Bowel Cancer Symptoms? Symptoms may vary from person to person, but they are all indicative of a growing tumor in the bowel. A colonoscopy, imaging tests, or biopsy may reveal signs of a growing tumor. The doctor can use these information to determine what type of treatment is best for the patient. Treatment options depend on the size of the tumor and its location. Treatment options may include surgery or chemotherapy.
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A slow-growing cancer, if detected in its early stages, does not have serious consequences. However, those that grow rapidly require a diagnosis. Symptoms of this cancer may look similar to those of other gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation or indigestion. Symptoms may be accompanied by a sudden weight loss, unexplained abdominal pain, or a change in bowel habits.
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Endoscopy: This procedure involves a specialist doctor looking inside your small bowel. A camera is placed into your mouth or back passage and the doctor can examine the bowel and biopsy any cancer cells. A CT scan can also detect signs of cancer spread. Ultrasounds are also performed to help diagnose and treat this disease. During a colonoscopy, a small flexible tube containing a camera is inserted into your bowel.
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Surgery: Surgical removal is one of the primary treatment options for small bowel cancer. Surgery is often recommended if the cancer is early stage, but may not be an option in lymphomas. Radiation therapy or chemotherapy are more common treatments for lymphomas of the small bowel. The surgeon will remove the cancerous part of the bowel and join it back together, called an anastomosis. Chemotherapy: To kill cancer cells, the patient is given drugs or combination of chemotherapy.
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Hemorrhage in the small bowel is another possible cause. Hemorrhages in the small bowel are not easy to identify, especially if they are associated with peritoneal signs. Moreover, a hematoma in the small bowel may cause obstruction and bowel blockage. These signs can be easily mistaken for other conditions. The signs of a tumor in the small bowel are very similar to those of an intestinal obstruction or irritable bowel.
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The majority of small bowel tumors remain asymptomatic for many years. Most of the time, they are discovered by accident during imaging or surgery. The median symptom-to-diagnosis interval is three years for benign tumors and two years for those with a malignant tumor. Other reasons for delayed diagnosis include misinterpretation of imaging studies or failure to order appropriate diagnostic tests. So, it is important to know about the symptoms of small bowel cancer.
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MRI is the preferred imaging method for diagnosing small bowel cancer. Its greater soft-tissue resolution allows it to detect tumours that are otherwise difficult to diagnose. MRI scans are also a great option for diagnosing the condition early. PDQ is a free service of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the federal government’s center for biomedical research. Its summaries are based on a review of relevant medical literature and do not represent the views of the NCI.
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There are several types of small bowel cancer. The two most common types are adenocarcinoma and sarcoma. Carcinoid tumors begin in the epithelial cells covering the small intestine, while leiomyosarcoma develops in the connective tissue, which supports all body structures. In addition, a gastro-intestinal stromal tumor starts in nerve cells inside the small bowel.
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The third type of small bowel neoplasm is called a lipoma. It’s composed of mature adipose tissue and can reach large sizes. It usually appears as a sessile mass, although larger lesions can also be pedunculated. It can cause intermittent obstruction and sometimes blood loss. It’s not malignant, but it can be uncomfortable and painful.
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While small bowel cancer is rare and has low prevalence, the disease can have very serious consequences. The average age of onset is 65 years, and small bowel cancer patients are more likely to be black than white. A small bowel tumor’s prognosis is often poor, especially if it’s diagnosed in its early stages. Small bowel tumors can lead to subocclusive crisis, or obstruction of the lumen.
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