Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition in which the immune system attacks healthy cells. MS is most common in adults, and affects approximately one million people in the U.S. Women are twice as likely to develop the disease than men, and it usually begins in their twenties or thirties. Many people with the disease lose the ability to walk, speak, or write. Doctors typically diagnose MS based on a person’s medical history and perform an MRI to pinpoint the exact location of the disease and the progression of the disease. There are also medicines that may slow the progression of the disease.
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Multiple sclerosis is a progressive disease in which the brain’s protective layer of myelin becomes damaged. The process of demyelination results in scarring, which makes it difficult for signals to travel. Some people may experience an electric shock-like sensation in their arms or legs. The symptoms of MS can be confusing, but it’s important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have MS.
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Another common symptom of MS is fatigue. MS patients may experience problems with balance and coordination and may require a wheelchair. Some people with MS may also experience increased fatigue after a long day at work. Additionally, fatigue may make the patient feel exhausted even after sleeping well. Other MS symptoms include problems with vision, especially one eye. Damage to the optic nerve can cause pain when the eyes move. Fortunately, these problems usually disappear when the person cools down.
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A person may also experience personality changes. For example, sudden weakness in the arms and legs may indicate a serious ailment. A patient’s symptoms may change rapidly if there is a physical complication, such as a stroke, infection, or chemical imbalance. Fortunately, there are treatments available to address the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. If you’ve been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, you’re likely to be diagnosed sooner. The sooner you get a diagnosis, the better you’ll be able to slow the disease’s progression and maximize your quality of life.
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One of the most common MS symptoms is impaired vision. This condition affects the optic nerve, which sends visual information from the eye to the brain. Because of its close proximity to the brain, this nerve is prone to damage. People with MS may experience blurred vision, double vision, and eye pain, as well as a loss of color vision. The vision problem is often associated with nerve damage, so it may be difficult for a person with MS to read or understand conversations.
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MS is a condition in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that protects nerve cells in the central nervous system. The immune system’s attack causes lesions to form on the myelin sheath, preventing signals from traveling smoothly along the nerve. The inflammation and scarring of the myelin sheath may cause permanent damage to the nerve. It is unclear what causes the immune system to attack the nerve cells, although it is thought to be triggered by genetic predisposition as well as by environmental factors.
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Generally, the physician will use a combination of clinical tests to confirm the diagnosis. This includes a medical history, physical exam, and evoked potential testing, a technique that measures the speed of nerve impulses. Occasionally, lab tests and lumbar puncture may be performed to rule out other illnesses that can mimic MS. A doctor may also prescribe a medication for the condition. While it is difficult to determine the exact cause of the disease, the treatment is geared towards helping the patient live as normal a life as possible.
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An MRI scan of the brain or spinal cord can reveal the presence of active lesions. An optical coherence tomography scan can also detect thinning around the optic nerve. Cerebrospinal fluid can be analysed through a spinal tap or lumbar puncture. These tests can rule out many other conditions that may cause similar symptoms. If these tests are negative, MS is likely the cause of the symptoms.
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MS is usually diagnosed in the early thirties or forties. In some cases, it occurs in childhood. In most cases, the symptoms will come and go. The person may experience one or more attacks of MS throughout their life. In addition to the attacks, patients may experience remissions. Relapses occur when the disease recurs and there is inflammation of the myelin. After remission, the person may feel better.
