Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the motor functions of the brain. It is characterized by involuntary tremors in the hands, arms, and head. It is often an inherited condition. It is caused by a dysfunction in the basal ganglia, the region of the brain that controls muscle tone. Muscle tone is regulated by a chemical called glutamate, which is transported across synapse to transmit messages to neurons. Other symptoms include rigidity and postural instability.
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Parkinson symptoms may also cause problems with sleep, loss of smell, restless legs, and constipation. They can interfere with daily activities and negatively impact a person’s cognitive function. They can impair their ability to plan and complete tasks. The patient may also be affected by stress, depression, and certain medications.
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There are several treatments for Parkinson’s disease. Some medicines will help alleviate the symptoms but can also have side effects, such as sedation. Other treatments may be needed if the symptoms are severe. In some cases, surgery may be an option to control the disease and reduce the symptoms. Some of these treatments include levodopa and carbidopa therapy.
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Deep brain stimulation surgery is another option. This procedure involves inserting electrodes into certain parts of the brain and connecting them to an electrical device placed in the chest. This procedure stimulates specific areas of the brain that control movement and may eliminate or reduce the symptoms of Parkinson’s. People with advanced motor symptoms may be candidates for this procedure, which is performed in a surgical center.
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The primary treatment for Parkinson’s disease is levodopa. This medication causes nerve cells to make more dopamine, which replenishes the dwindling supply in the brain. This medication is often taken in combination with another drug, carbidopa, to reduce the risk of side effects. However, levodopa treatment is often long-term and must be taken with caution, because suddenly stopping the drug could result in dangerous side effects.
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Some other symptoms of Parkinson’s disease include loss of taste and smell. The olfactory bulb is heavily involved in taste and smell. If you feel that you are having difficulty smelling or tasting food, your doctor should perform a blood test. However, the diagnosis may take some time. A physician may perform X-rays and blood tests to rule out other conditions before making a definitive diagnosis. In addition, some individuals with the disease may have paranoia and delusions.
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A family history of Parkinson disease increases the risk of developing this condition. In addition to genetics, exposure to environmental toxins increases the risk for developing Parkinson disease. The disease affects millions of nerve cells involved in movement and can be inherited or acquired. Patients with Parkinson’s disease have rigid muscles and postural instability, which can cause falls and gait problems. While many causes of this disorder remain unclear, some treatments can help reduce symptoms.
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Tremor is one of the most common symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. In fact, most people will experience some level of tremor at some point in their lives. This tremor will often occur on one side of the body and may worsen over time. Another common symptom of Parkinson’s disease is general slowness of movement. This slowness of movement affects everyone and causes the sufferer to feel tired and incoordinate.
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Exercise is an important part of treatment for those suffering from Parkinson’s disease. Exercise helps increase muscle strength and range of motion. It can also reduce depression and improve a patient’s quality of life. A physical therapist can recommend an exercise program. It may include swimming, walking, or stretching exercises. It’s important not to move too fast, or over exert yourself.
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Parkinson’s disease affects the nervous system and is caused by a lack of dopamine. When dopamine levels are low, the brain can no longer communicate properly with the rest of the body. This lack of dopamine interferes with movement and results in a range of symptoms. Because each person is affected differently, the severity of symptoms can vary.
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People with the disorder may experience a variety of non-motor symptoms, including loss of smell, constipation, and vivid dreams. These symptoms often precede motor symptoms. A person who has the disease may also experience a number of hallucinations.
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