There are various types of colon cancer. The treatment for early-stage colon cancer involves removing the cancer without cutting the abdominal wall. A medical professional inserts a flexible tube containing a cutting tool into the colon and removes the cancer. This procedure is also called polypectomy. Although it involves cutting the abdominal wall, it may be an effective way of removing colon cancer. If you suspect you have colon cancer, it is important to see your doctor as soon as possible.
Symptoms of colon cancer may include a mass or lump in the abdomen, constipation, or frequent bloating and cramping. Other symptoms may include weight loss without known causes. A doctor may recommend a series of tests to detect colon cancer. A physical exam is required to detect signs of the disease and to monitor the patient’s overall health. A health history may be necessary to identify any past illnesses. A doctor may also perform a digital rectal examination by inserting a gloved finger into the rectum to look for any abnormalities.
Further tests are necessary for the diagnosis of colon cancer. PET scans, MRIs, and CT scans are common tests used to determine the extent of the tumor. PET scans, for example, allow doctors to look inside the body and highlight tumors that are active. PET scans are also helpful for evaluating if the cancer has spread outside of the colon. Other blood tests for colon cancer include Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels.
Interventional radiology is another form of treatment for colon cancer. Interventional radiologists use techniques from radiology to treat cancers without surgery. They can even treat patients with colon cancer that has spread to the lung and liver. By using radiotherapy, these doctors can target the tumor directly. If the cancer has spread beyond the colon, they may use chemotherapy. After treatment, the patient’s survival rate depends on the stage of the disease. The sooner the cancer is diagnosed, the more likely it is to be cured.
Although there is no one single cause of colorectal cancer, certain risk factors can play a role in its development. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a higher risk. Smoking and drinking alcohol increase colon cancer risks. Consuming red meat may also increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer, but lean, unprocessed red meats have a lower risk. Other symptoms of colon cancer include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and blood in the stool. If symptoms persist, a doctor may recommend a colonoscopy.
Depending on the stage of colon cancer, follow-up care may include physical exams, blood tests, a CT or PET scan, and a sigmoidoscopy. Screening for colorectal cancer is very effective in detecting the disease early. However, many people who have colon cancer have no symptoms or do not experience any symptoms. Therefore, it is important to have screenings as early as possible. In addition to screening, you should also monitor your bowel habits. If you notice any changes, you should see your doctor immediately.
