Anemia in pregnancy is a condition that affects pregnant women. It is often the result of malnutrition or toxicosis. This is a serious condition that can have life-threatening consequences. If left untreated, it can lead to fetal growth retardation and premature birth.
Pregnant women suffer from anemia because their blood is lacking in oxygen. The body requires a constant supply of oxygen to carry out metabolic reactions and maintain tissue integrity. A lack of oxygen can lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
There are several different types of anemia, ranging from anemia that occurs in the first trimester to anemia that develops later on in the pregnancy. Both are dangerous for both the mother and the child. Some of the symptoms of anemia in pregnancy include shortness of breath, a rapid heartbeat, and a lagging behind in development. However, the most severe form of anemia can cause complications that can be life threatening.
Anemia can be diagnosed by a blood test. The level of hemoglobin in the blood is determined by the test. Normally, the hemoglobin level is 110 to 91 g/l. When the blood hemoglobin is lower than this, anemia is diagnosed.
Anemia in the first stage of gestation is usually mild and is treated with dietary changes. Anemia in the second or third stage of gestation is more severe. In these cases, preventive therapy and regular antenatal visits are required. These treatments can improve the health of the mother and fetus.
Severe anemia during pregnancy can be life-threatening. In addition to fetal growth retardation and premature delivery, anemia can increase the risk of birth defects, infections, and postpartum depression. Depending on the type of anemia, treatment can involve medication, blood transfusion, or replacement of hemoglobin.
Folate deficiency is another cause of anemia during pregnancy. Folate helps the synthesis of DNA and aids in the division of living cells. Without folate, the fetus is at higher risk of birth defects, such as spinal cord defects, brain defects, and brain malformations. To avoid these issues, the fetus must be given enough folic acid.
Several general blood tests can also detect the presence of anemia. General blood tests are done to identify the level of iron, hematocrit, and other important substances in the blood. If the results of the general blood tests reveal the presence of anemia, a clinical blood test is also performed.
Anemia in pregnancy may be a symptom of other problems, such as a compromised immune system or a low placentation. It should be diagnosed and treated by a doctor. Taking the proper precautions and following recommendations from the attending physician can reduce the risk of anemia during pregnancy.
Fe preparations are recommended for all pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. During the first six months of breastfeeding, it is also recommended to use Fe preparations. Although there are risks associated with consuming this medicine, it is an effective way to prevent anemia.
