The symptoms of cancer near the anus include pain, swelling, or discomfort in the anus. Depending on the type of cancer, the disease may be localized or can spread to other parts of the body. The most common cause of cancer near the anus is the human papilloma virus. Doctors can test for the virus by performing a digital anorectal examination or by collecting a tissue sample to diagnose the disease.
Earlier detection can increase the chances of a favorable prognosis. Whether cancer is detected at the early stage is vital. It can spread to other areas of the body or recur once treated. Surgical removal of the tumor can be necessary. Fortunately, the survival rates of cancer near the anus are very high, at least when it is diagnosed in its early stages. But cancer treatment varies widely. To get the best outcome, treatment should be initiated immediately.
While the majority of anal cancers can be cured by chemotherapy alone, surgery is often necessary if the disease recurs. The combined treatment of radiation and chemotherapy can be more invasive but has the best long-term results. After five years, seventy-nine percent of patients are still alive. If you’ve recently undergone chemotherapy, a colon and rectal surgeon will assess the results and examine you for any new signs of cancer. Further research may be necessary.
The most common symptom of cancer near the anus is an alteration in bowel habits. Symptoms include difficulty controlling bowel movements, frequent pooing, and looser poo. In 20% of people, symptoms of cancer near the anus are not present. However, it is still essential to visit a doctor if you notice any of the symptoms above. You can learn more about the signs and symptoms of cancer near the anus by reviewing your health records and consulting with a doctor.
After diagnosing the problem, the healthcare provider may use x-rays, ultrasounds, or other tests to determine if the cancer has spread to the rest of the body. MRIs and CT scans use radio waves and high-energy sound waves to make pictures of internal organs. In addition to ultrasound, your healthcare provider may perform digital rectal examination (DRE). This involves placing a finger inside the anus and using a hand-held device to listen for any signs of problem. Some doctors also perform a biopsy of suspicious tissue to see if it contains cancerous cells.
Surgical treatment for cancer near the anus is a less common alternative. Unlike chemoradiation, surgery is generally reserved for small tumors that have not spread to other parts of the body. Small tumours may be removed during local excision. This procedure is usually done under general anaesthesia and requires a few days in the hospital. More complicated cancers may require an abdominoperineal resection.
Treatment for anal cancer is specific to the type of cancer. Treatment depends on its stage and extent, but chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be used. It is important to note that surgery may be required for the diagnosis, especially if it is detected during a routine physical exam. Anal cancer is sometimes discovered by accident, as part of a routine colorectal exam. During the digital rectal exam, a physician inserts a lubricated finger into the anus and rectum to feel for tumors.
