When it comes to diagnosing rectal cancer, a doctor will most likely first perform a CT scan to determine whether the tumor has spread beyond the rectum. The MRI is another test used to detect tumors that have spread outside the rectum’s walls. It is also helpful in determining whether the cancer has spread to nearby structures. Endoscopic ultrasound is another test used to evaluate the size of a tumor. Ultimately, these tests will determine the extent of the cancer’s spread and the best treatment options.
Symptoms of rectal cancer can vary, and can range from no symptoms to the development of more serious ones. Symptoms may include a change in bowel habits, blood in the stools, unexplained weight loss, or fatigue. Other symptoms may include pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis and a general feeling of exhaustion. Although rectal cancer can manifest with no symptoms, it is important to get medical attention at the earliest opportunity. In addition to regular screening, patients can also enroll in clinical trials, which provide valuable information on how to treat the disease.
Patients with rectum cancer may require a colostomy, which is a surgical procedure to remove a tumor from the rectum. In some cases, patients may require a stoma for a permanent intestine. In addition to removing the tumor, patients may be required to undergo other surgical procedures to remove the cancer. Patients may need a colostomy, if the tumor has spread to the lymph nodes.
While the cause of most types of colorectal cancer is not known, some risk factors are associated with an increased risk of developing the condition. Chronic ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and alcohol consumption are known to increase the risk of developing rectal cancer. Changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, and general abdominal discomfort may be signs of rectal cancer. During the initial stages of cancer, a doctor will likely recommend a series of tests to determine the cause of your symptoms.
Advanced stages of rectal cancer may require surgery or targeted radiation treatments. Targeted radiation and chemotherapy can help shrink tumors and prevent them from spreading to adjacent organs. Advanced staged rectal cancer may require additional specialist procedures, such as a multidisciplinary team of doctors. This team of doctors will remove tumors that a single colorectal surgeon cannot perform alone. However, local treatments may be effective and still potentially cure the disease.
Risk factors for rectal cancer increase with age. Nearly 90% of all cases of colorectal cancer are diagnosed after age 50. Genetic factors that increase the risk of developing rectal cancer include a family history of rectal cancer and adenomas. Additionally, certain inherited diseases, including FAP or Lynch syndrome, increase the risk of developing the disease. If you have one or more of these risk factors, your doctor may recommend screening for colorectal cancer.
Early detection of rectal cancer is important for patients who want to save their lives. This type of cancer is highly curable if diagnosed early. Early detection is the key to survival. If detected early, rectal cancer is often curable. However, the disease can be more difficult to treat. To ensure the best outcome, patients should be advised to consult their doctors. The sooner the symptoms are diagnosed, the sooner treatment is begun. So, be aware of your family’s history.
