Each stage is characterized by certain characteristics of the primary melanoma tumor and its progression. Stages of melanoma are tallied using Roman numerals (0 through IV) and letters A through D, indicating a higher level of risk within each. Stages help doctors determine the best way to treat the disease and what prognosis each stage has.
A melanoma can be classified into two types: cutaneous and mucosal. Melanomas of the skin are the most common form of this cancer, and they tend to affect people over 40. They usually begin as a colourless spot, which can be mistaken for a bruise. A long, discoloured streak of pigment forms beneath the skin’s surface, and are often found on the face, palms, and fingers.
Melanoma surgery involves the removal of the cancerous lesion as well as the surrounding tissue. The surgeon may send samples to pathology to determine the extent of the cancer. If the cancer has spread to lymph nodes, a skin graft may be required. Radiation therapy is sometimes recommended to treat the cancer. There are several different stages of this disease, but the outcome is usually similar. In a stage I melanoma tumor, the treatment is usually aimed at removing the affected skin.
People with a weakened immune system are at a higher risk for melanoma. Some of these people take medicine that suppresses their immune system. Others may have an underlying condition that makes their immune system weak. In this case, it’s essential to avoid the sun during the middle of the day, when sunlight’s rays are at their strongest. If this is not possible, schedule your outdoor activities during other times of the day.
There are many types of melanoma. A number of the more common types affect people under 40. A melanoma may start as a new mole or a spot that has been present for years. The type of melanoma that has spread is more dangerous when it invades the lower layers of skin. If you’re worried that you might have melanoma, you should schedule a consultation with a dermatologist.
The most common form of melanoma is a skin tumor that has spread to the deeper layers of the skin. These tumors are usually dark brown, but they may also develop on the eyelids, intestines, lips, and lungs. About 25% of melanoma tumors originate from moles. In addition to being a cosmetic concern, melanoma cancer can spread to other parts of the body, including the liver, abdomen, bones, and the liver.
In addition to genetic mutations, melanoma is also caused by ultraviolet radiation and a rare mutation in a protein complex called APC/C. This protein complex regulates cell replication cycles. It is believed that ultraviolet light causes the mutations that lead to melanoma development. Tumor suppressor gene Cdh1 is also involved in melanoma development, but its abundance in melanoma patients is diminished.
