Symptoms of Aeromonas infection vary depending on the species and severity of the disease. Aeromonas bacteremia is a serious bacterial infection that can be life-threatening. Aeromonas species are found in most aquatic environments, including lakes, rivers, and ponds. They can also infect humans and animals. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea. The infection can be self-limited or can result in a chronic infection. Aeromonas infection can be spread via contact with infected blood or tissue, or via contaminated food or water. The infection can also occur as a result of consuming contaminated fish, dairy products, or meat.
The most common Aeromonas phenospecies are Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas caviae. These two species are estimated to cause most of the human infections caused by this bacterial species. Aeromonas caviae can cause urinary tract infections, while Aeromonas hydrophila can cause biliary tract infections. In addition, Aeromonas species can cause severe pneumonia in endemic areas. The disease is associated with a mortality rate of 30 percent. Aeromonas infection can be severe enough to require hospitalization.
Aeromonas infections can be treated with antibiotics. Treatment is usually based on the severity of the infection and the presence of co-pathogens. Drugs used to treat Aeromonas infection include 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. However, there is no definitive drug that is effective against all Aeromonas species. Treatment should also include supportive care to prevent dehydration. Surgical debridement is typically required when necrotic tissues are present.
Symptoms of Aeromonas infection include abdominal pain and diarrhea. Aeromonas infection has been linked to flares of IBD. However, it is unclear whether the genus causes IBD, or whether flares of IBD are caused by Aeromonas. Aeromonas infection can also cause hepatobiliary tract infections, and soft tissue infections. Non-gastrointestinal complications include cellulitis, osteomyelitis, hemolytic syndrome, respiratory tract infections, and bacteremia. These non-gastrointestinal infections are more common in patients with IBD.
Aeromonas infection is most often diagnosed after patients have been treated for gastrointestinal infections. Aeromonas species can be found in human and animal feces, and are commonly isolated from stool cultures. Aeromonas is also present in soil and in water. Aeromonas can also be transferred by contact with infected tissue or wounds. Aeromonas species have been isolated from sputum, urine, blood, pleural fluid, and dialysis fluids. Aeromonas is resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin.
Aeromonas infection is most common in immunocompromised patients. In this population, the disease is more severe. Symptoms include abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and small volume stools with mucous. Aeromonas infection can also be found in healthy individuals. Aeromonas infection is more likely to occur in patients who have a history of IBD. IBD patients are more likely to develop a severe Aeromonas infection than non-IBD patients. Patients with Aeromonas infection have a higher frequency of abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Non-IBD patients have a lower frequency of fever and diarrhea. Aeromonas infection is often associated with de novo chronic colitis in patients who do not have IBD.
