Fortunately, early detection of bile duct cancer greatly increases the chances of successful treatment. If detected early, the cancer can either be surgically removed or bypassed. Radiation therapy targets the cancer cells with high energy radiation. In cases where cancer is located within the bile duct itself, chemotherapy involves injecting special drugs to kill cancer cells. In some cases, chemotherapy is not enough, however, and patients must undergo other treatment, including liver transplantation.
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Patients with bile duct cancer may experience abdominal pain, often on the right side, beneath the ribs. However, this pain may also be caused by less serious conditions, such as gallstones. Itchy skin, an indicator of jaundice, is another symptom of bile duct cancer. The condition may also be associated with increased bile levels in the bloodstream. Patients should seek medical attention if they notice any of these symptoms.
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Although bile duct cancer is not a common condition, people who suffer from certain medical conditions are at a higher risk for developing it. Long-term hepatitis and cirrhosis may increase the risk. Certain lifestyle factors, such as smoking and excessive alcohol intake, can also increase your risk. And if you have a family history of bile duct cancer, it is best to avoid risky behaviors.
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Usually, symptoms of bile duct cancer lead a person to consult a doctor, and an examination will be conducted. A physical exam will be conducted, focusing on the belly and abdominal area. Blood tests and imaging scans may be performed, as well. This procedure will reveal whether the tumor is benign or malignant. If bile duct cancer is found, the doctor may perform surgery to remove it.
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Patients with symptoms of bile duct cancer may also experience tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen or beneath the ribs. A general examination may also reveal an enlarged liver. A general exam can also show high levels of bilirubin, which is a yellowish color found under the tongue. If any of these symptoms is present, doctors may perform a blood test to determine the exact stage of the disease and determine the best treatment.
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Treatment options for bile duct cancer depend on the location and extent of the tumor. Stages IA and IIB are deemed unresectable when the cancer has invaded the wall of the bile duct and has spread to nearby lymph nodes and blood vessels. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, treatment may include a liver transplant or radiation therapy. If these tests indicate that the cancer has spread to distant areas of the body, it may be stage IIIB.
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Early symptoms of bile duct cancer are similar to those of hepatitis, and may not be noticed until the cancer has reached a later stage. Depending on where the tumor is located, bile duct cancer symptoms may range from mild to severe. Patients with tumors outside the liver may experience jaundice, itchy skin, and dark urine. Other symptoms of bile duct cancer include a yellow color of the skin, chalky stools, and pain in the abdomen.
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A doctor will conduct several tests to determine the extent of bile duct cancer. An imaging test may highlight the bile ducts, while blood tests and biopsy may confirm the diagnosis. Patients with suspected bile duct cancer may need surgery and follow-up treatment to destroy any remaining cancer cells. This type of treatment is often effective for both types of the disease, but is not a cure for the condition.
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Treatment options for bile duct cancer depend on the symptoms of the disease. Treatments include surgery and palliative care. A biopsy of the bile ducts is the most common form of diagnosis for this type of cancer. It requires the use of a flexible tube and small incisions on the abdomen. Once a biopsy is performed, tissue samples may be used for cancer staging. When a biopsy is performed, patients should be aware of possible side effects before proceeding with the procedure.
