You may have heard of bile duct cancer, but you may be unsure of what these symptoms mean. A doctor can perform blood tests and imaging to determine whether you have this type of cancer. Your doctor may also perform a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment depends on the stage of your cancer and the extent of its spread. Surgery is the primary treatment, and follow-up treatments are necessary to kill any remaining cancer cells.
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Physical examinations can reveal tenderness in the abdomen and right upper quadrant underneath the ribs. In approximately one quarter of patients, biliary duct cancer patients will have an enlarged liver. On a general exam, bilirubin levels can be detected under the tongue and in the white portion of the eyes. Blood tests can measure liver function and enzymes and may also include imaging. These tests can detect if biliary cancer has spread or is growing.
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Patients with bile duct cancer may be offered surgery as part of a clinical trial. Unfortunately, in most cases, cancer cannot be completely removed by surgery. The cancer may have spread too far or is in an inaccessible location. The patient may also be too ill to undergo surgery. As a result, treatment options for this type of cancer will usually include chemotherapy and surgery. These treatments may be accompanied by supportive care.
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Common bile duct cancer symptoms include abdominal pain, usually in the right side, below the ribs. If this is the case, the pain may be caused by something less serious. Gallstones can also cause abdominal pain. Moreover, itchy skin is another symptom associated with bile duct cancer. This condition occurs when the bile does not reach the intestine. These symptoms may be accompanied by other problems, such as jaundice.
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Aside from lifestyle changes, people who work in industries with chemicals that can lead to bile duct cancer may be at an increased risk for developing the disease. People with occupational exposure to chemicals such as rubber, wood-finishing, and auto industries may also be at risk. Some genetic and congenital disorders are linked to the development of bile duct cancer, such as Lynch syndrome. Patients with hepatitis or diabetes should make sure that they follow the recommendations of their healthcare provider. They should also keep their weight normal.
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Imaging tests such as x-rays are often used to diagnose bile duct cancer. X-rays can show the tumor by blocking the bile ducts. During an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a thin tube with a light and a lens is inserted into the bile duct. An x-ray will follow, and tissue will be examined to determine any signs of cancer. If necessary, a thin tube may be inserted to unblock the blocked bile duct.
