The earliest sign of colorectal cancer is the presence of small polyps on the colon. In most cases, the cancer develops without a clear cause, but certain genetic factors may also play a role. In addition to this, genetic and environmental factors play a significant role in the development of this disease. So if you notice any changes in your bowel habits, it’s best to make an appointment with a doctor.
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However, some colorectal cancer symptoms are similar to those of other common conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome and hemorrhoids. You can confuse colorectal cancer symptoms with those of other conditions if you have no prior history of the disease. It’s important to see a doctor for a diagnosis, as these symptoms may not be present at the time of the disease. Moreover, you should have regular bowel screenings to detect any changes early.
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There are four stages of colorectal cancer: stage 0 or carcinoma in situ is the earliest stage of the disease and has only affected the inner layer of the colon. Stage 1 cancer has spread through the inner layer of the colon but has not yet reached the colon wall. Stage 2 cancer has grown through the colon wall, but has not spread to lymph nodes and distant organs. Stage 4 cancer has spread to other areas of the body.
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People with a family history of colorectal cancer should pay attention to these symptoms. Several factors can increase your risk. For example, being overweight increases your risk of colorectal cancer. Other risk factors include having multiple relatives with the disease. Those with a family history should undergo regular colonoscopy screenings starting at age 40, or ten years before a relative has been diagnosed. Once diagnosed, a colonoscopy should be repeated every five years.
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Once colorectal cancer is diagnosed, treatment is based on the stage of the disease. Your doctor may recommend colonoscopy, blood tests, or a biopsy to determine if the cancer has spread to other areas. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapies. You should write down your questions ahead of time and bring a friend or family member with you to ask questions and take notes.
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A polyp, or abnormal area of tissue, can be removed during a colonoscopy. A surgeon may also remove the suspicious area during a colonoscopy or a surgical procedure. Afterward, the tissue is sent for examination under a microscope. In addition, the pathologist may analyze the sample under a microscope to see whether it is cancerous. If cancer cells are identified in a sample, the doctor may perform more diagnostic tests.
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While a colostomy is a temporary measure, the onset of colorectal cancer may cause permanent changes in the way you pass stool. Colostomy surgery may result in a new stoma. A colostomy may require you to eat and drink differently. Your doctor may recommend a colostomy or a stent to open the colon.
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Blood in your stool can be blood, either red or black. Regardless of the color, blood in your stool should alert you to something not quite right. Never ignore these signs and go back for more tests. For instance, blood in the stool may be an indicator of anemia or a low red blood cell count, which should be investigated as soon as possible. In addition, you should never ignore rectal bleeding. So, if you see any of these signs or symptoms, see your doctor right away to ensure your health.
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You should also see your doctor if you suspect you may have colon cancer. This cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the United States. Most people develop colorectal cancer at some point in their life. The early symptoms can be a sign of a small polyp, but in more advanced stages, it can be dangerous. Fortunately, colon cancer treatment options exist that can help you manage the condition.
