During surgery for gastric cancer, the entire stomach and some surrounding tissue are removed. This surgical procedure is typically recommended if the cancer has spread throughout the stomach. In some cases, the cancer also affects the lymph nodes that surround the stomach. The surgery also may include the removal of the end of the esophagus, which connects the stomach to the duodenum, the tube that allows food to move into the stomach.
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Although the causes of stomach cancer are unknown, certain factors are associated with a higher risk for the disease. Genetics, environmental factors, and infectious or immunologic conditions can all increase your risk for stomach cancer. For this reason, it is important to seek a second opinion from a doctor. If you feel that your stomach cancer symptoms are consistent with other illnesses, consult with a doctor to learn more about your options. If you suspect you might have gastric cancer, seek medical treatment right away.
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People with certain inherited disorders are at greater risk for stomach cancer. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis are risk factors, as well as certain mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Furthermore, smoking, drinking too much alcohol, and other lifestyle choices increase your risk for stomach cancer. And, of course, obesity and chronic illness are major risk factors for developing the disease.
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In the early stages of stomach cancer, there may be no symptoms. Patients may have mild abdominal pain or bloating after eating. Some patients also experience bleeding, known as melena, and experience anemia. Advanced cases may result in bowel obstruction and neurologic changes. Additionally, some patients experience vomiting. However, stomach cancer symptoms can vary greatly and are difficult to diagnose. You must visit your doctor immediately if you suspect you have any of these symptoms.
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Various studies have examined the impact of alarm and dyspeptic symptoms on survival rates in patients with gastric cancer. In general, patients with dyspeptic symptoms have longer diagnosis delays, but their prognosis is better than patients who do not experience alarm symptoms. Furthermore, patients with uncomplicated dyspepsia and a delay of more than six months were more likely to survive than patients without the disease.
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If you suspect that you may have gastric cancer, your doctor will ask you about your health history. They will also perform blood tests and possibly perform other lab tests to further investigate the cause of your symptoms. If you are still not sure about your diagnosis, you can consider consulting a second doctor for a second opinion. Generally, doctors are happy to refer patients to specialists, and some health insurance companies pay for second opinions. This way, you won’t be afraid of a doctor’s diagnosis.
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Treatment options for gastric cancer depend on the stage of the disease. It may be found in early stages and may not spread to nearby organs and lymph nodes. However, in some patients, it recurs, so early diagnosis is key for successful treatment. Patients with gastric cancer may experience recurrences, despite treatment. Fortunately, new therapies and treatments are available and are being tested in clinical trials.
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People over 55 are more likely to develop gastric cancer. It affects men twice as often as women. People with a strong family history of gastric cancer are also at a higher risk. Those with certain conditions and a high rate of smoking also increase their risk. While no symptoms are known to occur in early stages, screening is important because early cancer often isn’t noticeable. In addition, screening may help detect the condition before it spreads, so it’s important to seek medical care if you suspect gastric cancer.
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While stomach cancer is a serious condition, it is usually curable. Surgery will remove part or all of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes, which are part of the body’s defense against germs. Depending on the stage, chemotherapy or radiation treatments may be used to shrink the tumor before surgery and kill the cancer after surgery. For stage I, a patient will likely require chemotherapy and chemoradiation. It’s important to know that surgery can only cure a small part of stomach cancer.
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Imaging tests may also be used to diagnose gastric cancer. Imaging tests may include endoscopic ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scans. Barium swallow imaging involves watching the digestive tract as liquid moves down the esophagus. Upper endoscopy, on the other hand, involves inserting a thin tube with a camera into the stomach and esophagus. The images resulting from these examinations are used to diagnose gastric cancer.
