While some stomach cancer symptoms are similar to other health problems, they are also warning signs of other conditions. A physical exam will help you recognize the symptoms of gastric cancer, such as pain, indigestion, and a full or swollen stomach. While some of these symptoms may be mild at first, they may become increasingly severe as the disease progresses. If you notice any of these symptoms, you should visit a doctor immediately.
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The first step in treating gastric cancer is to identify whether it is confined to the stomach or has spread to nearby lymph nodes. A full gastrectomy involves removing the entire stomach as well as some surrounding tissue. It is most commonly performed when the cancer has spread throughout the stomach and lymph nodes. This surgery often includes the removal of the esophagus and the upper duodenum. In some cases, a doctor may also remove lymph nodes from the area.
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The risk for developing stomach cancer is highest in individuals with certain genetic and environmental factors. People with Lynch Syndrome, Familial Polyposis, Li Fraumeni Syndrome, or Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome are at higher risk than those without these conditions. Genetics and immune factors can also increase your risk of stomach cancer. Symptoms of gastric cancer are usually very recognizable, though it is important to see a doctor to be sure.
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Some of the symptoms of gastric cancer are alarming. These include persistent, excessive, or frequent vomiting, abdominal distention, or dysphagia. Some gastric cancer alarm symptoms may be correlated with TNM stage and geographic location. Moreover, they may be related to your age, sex, and pathology of the cancer. You may also experience a palpable abdominal mass or an abnormality in your abdomen.
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A biopsy is an important part of the diagnosis process. A doctor will remove tissue samples for examination under a microscope. This sample is then examined by a pathologist to determine if there is an abnormality. If the biopsy proves to be positive, a CT scan may be required to confirm the diagnosis. Further tests may include a CT scan to assess the extent of spread of cancer. A biopsy may involve surgical removal of the tumor.
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When gastric cancer starts, it starts in the inner lining of the stomach. This growth of the cancer cells will eventually lead to a tumor and may be in a variety of locations in the stomach. In the United States, the incidence of gastric cancer has declined, while it is a leading cause of death in other parts of the world. It is linked to various diseases, environmental triggers, and lifestyle factors. If caught early, treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. In rare cases, the cancer may spread to organs nearby.
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Despite the early warning signs of stomach cancer, medical tests and biopsy are essential for determining the cause of symptoms. X-rays and other imaging tests are used to examine the interior of the stomach. A CT scan shows if there are abnormalities, such as the growth of tumors. A barium meal X-ray is the standard screening test for gastric lesions. Other investigations used to detect the cancer include MRI, CT scans, and endoscopic ultrasounds.
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Dietary changes, such as eating healthy and exercising regularly, can significantly lower the risk of stomach cancer. A healthy diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and lean meat is a major prevention strategy. Additionally, avoiding red meat and processed meat and increasing your intake of foods rich in beta-carotene and carotenoids can reduce the risk of stomach cancer. Tobacco use also increases the risk of stomach cancer, as it is linked to several other cancers. According to the American Cancer Society, smoking is responsible for one-third of all cancer deaths.
