Glomerulonephritis is a medical condition that causes inflammation in the kidneys. This inflammation can occur on its own or as a symptom of another disease. Whether you have glomerulonephritis or another kidney-related disorder, your doctor can help you manage the condition. Your doctor may recommend a treatment plan that includes medication, changes to your diet, and lifestyle changes.
There are several underlying causes of glomerulonephritis. Some common ones include infections, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and autoimmune diseases. People with HIV/AIDS are also susceptible to developing glomerulonephritis. Other causes are vascular conditions and fungal infections. The symptoms of glomerulonephritis vary according to the underlying cause, and the most serious form of the disease, nephrotic syndrome, can lead to a chronic, progressive loss of kidney function.
Acute glomerulonephritis usually occurs suddenly. It causes an abnormal immune response to a particular organism, such as a streptococcal bacteria. It often accompanies other infections, such as tonsillitis and upper respiratory infections. After a few weeks, the symptoms subside. However, some patients experience delayed urination and blood in the urine. In addition, a person with acute glomerulonephritis may develop pulmonary edema, which is swelling of the lungs.
Chronic glomerulonephritis can occur after a streptococcal infection. If you have this type of glomerulonephritis, you will have blood in your urine for up to 18 months. You will also have a higher chance of developing high blood pressure. Depending on your doctor’s assessment, you may be prescribed medications for blood pressure or antihypertensive drugs. Alternatively, your doctor may suggest changes in your diet to control blood pressure.
Some patients with glomerulonephritis have a circulating immune complex, which means that their immune system has developed antibodies against glomeruli. These antibodies can clog the glomeruli and lead to inflammation. Once the kidneys are inflamed, the blood pressure can rise and the kidneys can become damaged. Sometimes, the immune system is mistaken for a foreign body and can attack glomeruli, resulting in a kidney injury.
Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis have an increased risk of developing diabetes. Diabetes can cause scarring of the glomeruli, which can lead to high blood pressure and other health problems. They should have their blood sugar monitored regularly. Treatment for glomerulonephritis is determined by the severity of the condition. Medications are used to reduce inflammation and prevent infections. Managing high blood pressure will help prevent the kidneys from being damaged.
Glomerulonephritis can be prevented by keeping a healthy diet and living a healthy lifestyle. Avoiding the use of alcohol, tobacco products, and intravenous drugs can also help protect your kidneys. Joining a support group can also be helpful.
Some people with glomerulonephritis are at risk of developing end-stage renal disease, which requires a kidney transplant. The Mayo Clinic is testing new treatments for end-stage kidney disease. Regular kidney dialysis can be used to help treat this type of kidney problem. But, if the kidneys are too severely damaged, kidney transplant is the only option.
In addition to a healthy diet and regular exercise, you may want to consider taking a supplement to help control your cholesterol levels. Certain NSAIDs, such as aspirin, can increase your risk of glomerulonephritis.
