There are different types of leukemia, acute and chronic. Each type affects different types of blood cells, called lymphocytes or myelocytes. In leukemia, these cells reproduce abnormally, and they begin to multiply so rapidly that they outnumber healthy blood cells. As a result, leukemia patients are more likely to contract infections. Although there is no definitive cause of leukemia, certain symptoms may point to this disease.
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The most common symptom of leukemia is frequent infections, which may be life-threatening for a person suffering from the disease. If you’re having frequent infections, or notice any other unusual symptoms, talk to your doctor. Children may also limp due to bone pain, which is another symptom. Leukemia is often found during a routine blood test for another condition. Scientists still do not know exactly what causes leukemia, but it seems to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
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A child with leukemia may also have joint or bone pain, especially in areas with large bone marrow. Abnormal white blood cells can crowd these areas, making them feel tired and weak. Children with leukemia may also limp or not walk normally. Inflammation may cause frequent or intense headaches. Sometimes, leukemia cells invade the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. This can result in pain that is similar to arthritis joint pain.
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In addition to blood tests, your doctor may perform a spinal tap or lumbar puncture. In this procedure, a needle is inserted into the spinal canal, and a small sample of cerebrospinal fluid is removed to determine the type of leukemia. In addition, your doctor may order a complete blood count, which measures the number and size of blood cells, as well as the stage of growth. Other tests may include genetic tests, liver and kidney functions, and even a biopsy of lymph nodes to check for cancer cells.
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As with any cancer, the length of time between diagnosis and relapse determines the chance of a positive outcome. However, relapse may also occur in other parts of the body, including the bones. Imaging tests will detect whether the disease has spread to other parts of the body. The long-term outlook for leukemia depends on the type of the cancer and the stage of the disease. The earlier it is diagnosed, the better. However, older age, a family history of blood disorders, and chromosome mutations may negatively impact the outcome.
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The types of leukemia differ in symptoms. Hairy cell leukemia affects children and adults and is usually slow-growing. The name, hairy cell, derives from the fact that the cells in this type are made of fine, hair-like strands. Your cancer care team will tailor your treatment to your specific type of leukemia. Early diagnosis is crucial, as the sooner your doctor can treat it, the better the chances of a successful outcome.
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The symptoms of acute leukemia are similar to flu or virus symptoms. Acute leukemia will be more noticeable than chronic leukemia. It can be difficult to diagnose if you’re not experiencing these symptoms – however, if they’re severe, you should consult a doctor to be tested. Acute leukemia symptoms will generally worsen over time. Therefore, a doctor’s visit is critical for your recovery.
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Acute lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type in children and adolescents, while chronic myelogenous leukemia mainly affects adults. Although the symptoms of chronic leukemia may not be immediately apparent, they may occur several years later. In addition to acute lymphocytic leukemia, you may have any of the following:
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In addition to symptoms, the cancerous cells in leukemia can spread to other parts of your body. White blood cells are crucial for fighting infections and diseases, and the disease affects them. When the white blood cells do not die as quickly as the healthy ones, they build up in the bone marrow and prevent normal blood cells from developing. Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children and is curable in most children.
