While there is currently no cure for metastatic cancer, it is possible to improve symptoms by undergoing cancer surgery. Surgery minimizes the space taken up by the tumor while keeping neurological function intact. Patients may notice improvement in their symptoms within hours of surgery. Symptoms depend on the location and type of metastatic cancer. Surgery is often combined with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Depending on the location and type of metastatic cancer, patients may be treated with chemotherapy, radiation, or both.
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There are many symptoms of metastatic cancer. Although there may not be a single symptom, these symptoms can be associated with the original cancer. The location of the metastatic tumor and the size of the metastatic tumor will determine which symptoms will occur. Because metastatic cancer cells are similar to the cancer cells in the original tumor, medical tests can help diagnose the disease. Different medical tests can reveal different things. Blood tests and imaging tests may also be used.
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Once the cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body, they will invade nearby blood vessels, lymph nodes, or other tissues. This process is known as angiogenesis and allows the cancer cells to take up oxygen and nutrients from the bloodstream and distribute them to distant locations. Some metastatic cancer symptoms include pain and swelling in the area of the tumour, or even nausea and vomiting. Liver metastasis symptoms include jaundice and swelling in the liver.
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Metastatic cancer may occur in the liver, bones, lymph nodes, or lungs. The location of the metastasis will determine what type of cancer you have. If the cancer has spread to a different organ, your doctor will likely perform a biopsy to determine where it has metastasized. If the primary cancer is found in the lung, this cancer is known as metastatic breast cancer. However, metastatic cancer can be difficult to trace back to the primary cancer.
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Once cancer cells have spread, they may start breaking away from the main tumor and enter the bloodstream. From there, they can enter the lymphatic system, which transports fluids throughout the body. Depending on the location of metastasis, these cancer cells may settle into a new tumor or grow in a different part of the body. For example, cancer cells may seed other parts of the abdominal cavity. It is possible for any type of cancer to metastasize. The success of treatment is often dependent on the type of cancer and the age of the patient.
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Despite the many symptoms of metastatic cancer, many people choose to continue their employment after the diagnosis. In a recent study led by Amye Tevaarwerk, an employment change in metastatic cancer survivors showed that more than one-third of those with this disease continued working full-time or part-time. It’s important to understand that the symptoms of cancer can be frightening and difficult to deal with. The good news is that there are several treatment options available, including surgery and radiation.
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While metastatic cancer is more difficult to treat than cancer at the primary site, treatment options vary from patient to patient. Most commonly, treatments are aimed at controlling the cancer’s growth and alleviating symptoms. Depending on the location of metastatic cancer, the patient’s age, and medical history, doctors may recommend surgery or radiation therapy to control symptoms and extend life. If these treatments fail, palliative care may be prescribed in addition to chemotherapy.
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If there is no obvious physical sign of cancer, a simple X-ray of the chest may be necessary to identify a suspicious nodule or mass. A CT scan will identify any lesions that are not visible on an X-ray. Other tests, including lung function tests, can detect the presence of cancer cells in mucus. For more invasive treatment options, doctors may perform a bronchoscopy. A thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the throat or lungs to examine the area of cancer growth.
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Treatment goals may vary depending on the response of the cancer. Palliative care may include pain management and psychological support. Patients may need to talk with their doctors and other health care providers to discuss treatment options and seek ways to relieve stress. They may also prescribe medications to control pain and improve the quality of life. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, treatment will vary, depending on the type of metastatic cancer.
