Cancer can spread throughout the body, and the signs and symptoms of metastatic cancer depend on where the disease has spread. Patients with metastatic cancer may experience a variety of symptoms, including headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and a change in bowel habits. However, these symptoms can also be indicative of a localized cancer. In either case, patients suffering from these symptoms should discuss them with their health care team right away. Early detection is crucial to a successful cancer treatment plan.
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The process of metastasis is the spread of cancer from its initial site to different parts of the body. The most common areas for metastasis include the brain, lungs, bones, skin, adrenal glands, and lymph nodes. Sometimes, the primary cancer is not found until the disease has spread to distant parts of the body. When this happens, extensive research is needed to determine the primary cancer. In most cases, cancer metastasis is considered a type of metastatic disease of unknown origin.
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Treatment for metastatic cancer varies from case to case. It is difficult to control once it has spread, but doctors have found that some treatments can prolong the patient’s life. Treatment for metastatic cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or gamma-knife therapy. In some cases, steroids may be used in conjunction with other therapies to treat the disease. If your doctor is unsure about what type of cancer you have, seek a second opinion.
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Clinical trials involve treatment options that are not available to the general public. Treatment for metastatic cancer may be based on the stage of the disease and the location of metastases. Although it is difficult to control once it has spread throughout the body, some types of treatment can slow down the cancer’s growth and alleviate symptoms. Depending on the type and location of metastases, doctors may use a combination of therapies to manage the symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life.
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While cancer cells from a primary tumor become detached and enter the vasculature, they are often too advanced to be seen with a chest X-ray. A CT scan can identify lesions that may have been missed on an X-ray. The results of lung function tests may reveal cancer cells in mucus. Another common procedure that identifies metastatic cancer is a bronchoscopy. This involves inserting a thin, flexible tube that contains a camera into the throat.
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Prostate cancer often metastasizes to the bones, but rarely to the brain, lungs, or liver. When this happens, men with metastatic disease may not experience any symptoms at all, depending on the location and size of the new growth. However, these men will need supportive care, and treatment options focus on slowing the spread of the cancer and relieving pain. It is important to seek diagnosis from a medical professional for proper treatment.
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Fatigue is another common symptom of cancer. Fatigue can make it difficult to perform daily activities. While there is no cure for this, there are ways to combat fatigue. A simple blood test will determine if you’re anemic, which can affect your cancer treatment. If you’re experiencing fatigue after receiving treatment, talk to your physician and ask about available medications. The sooner you address fatigue, the better your chances of getting better.
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Despite the wide range of possible symptoms, many cancers share similar characteristics with non-cancerous conditions, so it’s important to see your doctor as soon as possible. However, men are more likely to develop cancer than women, although some cancers are gender specific. Breast cancer can present symptoms such as redness, flaky skin, nipple discharge, and lump or growth in one or both breasts. You may also notice pain, swelling, or tenderness in the area under the arm.
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A comprehensive physical examination may be needed before your treatment starts, as well as hematologic evaluations one week before. Female partners of reproductive age should use highly effective methods of birth control during the course of treatment. The goals of treatment vary depending on how well your cancer responds to your treatment. You can also seek the help of a nurse if you’re experiencing pain or other side effects. There are many ways to cope with cancer symptoms and minimize the effect of stress.
