Symptoms of Bile duct cancer are often hard to detect, but doctors can use a physical examination to find the tumor in the bile duct. Liver enzymes are released into the blood, and elevated levels can indicate bile duct cancer. Other tests, such as a biopsy, can identify the tumor by examining samples of tissue or blood. Doctors may also order a laparoscopy to evaluate the extent of the tumor. The results of a laparoscopy will also reveal the cancer’s stage, which describes how far it has spread, and what treatment options are available.
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The first symptom of bile duct cancer is jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes. This is usually accompanied by pain and weakness. Other symptoms can include weight loss, nausea, bloating, and a low-grade fever. While these symptoms are typically caused by liver disease, jaundice can also occur with bile duct cancer. Symptoms may appear weeks or months after the cancer has grown. Symptoms are most likely to occur when the tumor is very advanced.
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Other possible causes include chronic inflammation of the bile ducts and certain congenital disorders. For example, people working in the auto or rubber industries may be exposed to chemicals that cause bile duct cancer. Genetic disorders that affect the liver can also increase the risk of bile duct cancer. Those with cirrhosis or liver cirrhosis may also develop bile duct cancer.
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Symptoms of bile duct cancer can include abdominal pain. This pain is usually on the right side, beneath the ribs. However, abdominal pain can also be caused by less serious conditions like gallstones or jaundice. Itching is another common symptom of jaundice, an elevated level of bile in the bloodstream. Some people may experience nausea and fever, but the symptoms may not be related to the disease itself.
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Aside from treatment with chemotherapy, patients may also receive external or internal radiation therapy for the symptoms of bile duct cancer. During this treatment, the cancer will be treated using external radiation, which helps shrink the tumor before surgery. The radiation may also target the area where the tumor used to be, helping to prevent the cancer from returning. After surgery, a patient may opt for minimally invasive procedures to relieve symptoms.
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After the diagnosis of bile duct cancer, doctors perform a biopsy of the tumor and lymph nodes to assess the extent of the cancer’s spread. Stage II distal bile duct cancer is stage IIB, with the tumor in the wall of the bile duct and affecting one to three nearby lymph nodes. Stage IV distal bile duct cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Most patients cannot undergo a surgical procedure to remove the tumor.
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The early diagnosis of bile duct cancer can improve the chances of treatment success. With proper treatment, the cancer can either be surgically removed or bypassed. Some patients may also undergo radiation therapy and chemotherapy, which target the tumor directly with high-energy beams. Chemotherapy involves the use of special drugs to destroy the cancer cells. In cases where the cancer has spread outside the bile duct, the chemotherapy drugs are injected into the blood stream.
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Depending on the cancer’s location, size, and spread, patients may undergo surgery or receive chemotherapy. Depending on the type of cancer and its stage, treatment can be either curative, controlling the symptoms, or easing the pain. The patient will discuss the treatment options and risks with their healthcare team. There are also support groups in every community where patients with the disease can find support. There is no cure for bile duct cancer, but there is treatment available.
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After symptoms appear, a doctor will do a physical examination. He will look for abnormalities in the abdomen, and may do imaging tests to see the location of the tumor. The doctor may also suggest a biopsy. This procedure is not painful, but can identify bile duct cancer. In addition to a physical examination, the doctor may perform blood tests and imaging scans. If the biopsy shows cancer cells, surgery may be necessary to remove the tumor.
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After the diagnosis is made, a biopsy may be necessary to determine the location of the tumor. This may involve removing part of the bile duct or repairing the duct. This treatment may include surgery or palliative therapy. However, a biopsy is a good first step. The cancer may spread to other parts of the body. After this, the cancer may be treated with chemotherapy or other treatment.
