Symptoms of gallbladder cancer usually don’t show up until it has spread to an advanced stage, but they can occur during the early stages of the disease when treatment is more effective. Some symptoms of gallbladder cancer are similar to those of other conditions, including gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder. Seeing a healthcare professional is necessary for an accurate diagnosis. Listed below are some of the most common symptoms of gallbladder cancer.
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Treatments for gallbladder cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is a treatment that kills cancer cells. The drugs are given orally, or injected, depending on the stage of the disease. Examples of chemotherapy drugs include Gemcitabine, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin. However, side effects of chemo drugs include easy bruising, mouth sores, fatigue, diarrhea, and nausea.
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A biopsy of the gallbladder will reveal whether there are any symptoms of gallbladder cancer. The biopsy is conducted during a cholangiography or laparoscopy. A pathologist will examine the sample and look for signs of the disease. After the diagnosis, a discussion will be held with the patient and his or her doctor to decide the treatment. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the three main treatments for gallbladder cancer.
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A patient’s symptoms of gallbladder cancer may include pain in the right upper quadrant. Occasionally, the cancer may also present with the Courvoisier sign, indicating chronic malign obstruction. Other symptoms of gallbladder cancer include hepatomegaly, an abdominal mass, or bowel obstruction. Patients with Stage II or less cancers can undergo surgery to remove the gallbladder. Surgery may be an option to remove the affected organ or extend it.
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In addition to genetics, gallbladder cancer can be caused by a number of risk factors, including medications, chronic typhoid infection, and a porcelain gallbladder. However, a person’s risk of developing gallbladder cancer is still extremely low, even if they have no known risk factors. Some common risk factors include having gallbladder disease, gallbladder polyps, porcelain gallbladder, or bile duct abnormalities.
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Surgery to remove the gallbladder and adjacent lymph nodes is another option. A surgeon will insert a thin tube through the abdominal wall to remove the gallbladder and surrounding tissues. Other instruments may be used. The surgeon may also remove tissue surrounding the port site. This procedure is often performed in conjunction with chemotherapy. While surgery is generally the only option for early stage gallbladder cancer, it may not be a viable treatment option.
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Patients with gallbladder cancer often have no symptoms, but it’s important to note that some patients may experience vague, nonspecific symptoms. Jaundice, which can be mistaken for cholecystitis, is another symptom. The presence of biliary obstruction caused by the cancer may lead to cola-colored urine and clay-colored stools. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include abdominal swelling, weight loss, and severe itching. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer can also appear as lumps or tumors.
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The most common symptoms of gallbladder cancer are pain in the upper right abdomen, pale stools, and constant abdominal discomfort. The disease may also spread to nearby structures or lymph nodes. Unfortunately, most gallbladder cancer symptoms don’t show up until it has spread to other parts of the body. But treatment is possible. If you have these symptoms, don’t delay your treatment. There are several ways to treat gallbladder cancer symptoms.
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Your doctor may perform CT scans or ultrasounds to diagnose your condition. CT scans are high-resolution, cross-sectional pictures of the internal body. CT scans can help determine the extent of tumours, if the cancer has spread to the bile duct or the main blood vessel in the liver. They may also perform CT angiograms. These tests are not painful, but they may show signs of gallbladder cancer.
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The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) uses a staging system to determine the stage of gallbladder cancer. The cancer stage is divided into stages, from Stage 0 to Stage IV. Stage 0 cancer is limited to the inner layer of the gallbladder. Stage III cancer has spread to the muscle, connective tissue, and serosa in the surrounding tissues. The cancer may also spread to lymph nodes or distant organs. Stage III cancers are not curable.