Small bowel cancer, also known as colon cancer, is a type of cancer that develops in the small intestine. It usually starts when a healthy cell in the small intestine develops changes (mutations) in its DNA. These mutations allow the cell to continue to grow even when it doesn’t need to. These cells then form a tumor, or abnormal growth. They may eventually spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, such as the lungs or the liver.
The small intestine is the longest section of the gastrointestinal tract, responsible for major absorption and digestion. It is located in the central and lower abdominal cavities and extends from the stomach to the colon.
This large, complex organ is made up of three main sections: duodenum, jejunum and ileum. It consists of a number of special features, including a highly integrated nervous system.
Besides absorbing nutrients from the food you eat, the small intestine is responsible for making important substances that help your body function normally. These include enzymes and amino acids. It is also responsible for releasing hormones and other chemicals that regulate the body’s functions.
Its unique structure includes numerous mucosal folds, villi and microvilli. These folds increase the surface area of the intestine and help regulate the flow of digested food through the gut. The villi also increase the surface area of each individual cell so that each cell can absorb more nutrients.
When the cells in your small intestine become damaged, they can start to grow and divide in an uncontrolled way, forming a tumor. These tumors can cause serious health problems if they aren’t treated.
Your doctor will probably carry out some tests to help diagnose the problem. X-rays of your abdomen may be taken to determine the size of the bowel and whether there is an obstruction. This test can also help determine if there are any fluid levels that aren’t normal in your small bowel.
The doctor will also look at your stool and blood to see if there is an infection. This will be done through an endoscope, a thin tube that’s inserted into your stomach. This scope can be angled to view your entire digestive tract.
Most people who have small bowel surgery are able to go home in 3 to 7 days. You might need to stay longer if a larger part of your small bowel was removed or you develop problems with your digestive system.
To keep your bowel healthy, eat a variety of foods that contain different vitamins and minerals. You also should drink plenty of water to keep your bowel moving smoothly.
A good diet also helps prevent diseases and conditions that affect the digestive tract. For example, a healthy diet can help reduce your risk of cancer and heart disease. It can also help your immune system fight off infections.
Your doctor will ask you questions about your health, family history and your diet. They will also give you medications to help control the symptoms of your condition.
