Erythema nodosum is a skin condition that causes red, painful nodules to develop on the body. The nodules usually disappear in a few weeks. However, the pain can last for a few months or even a year. If your erythema nodosum does not improve within a month or two, you should see a doctor. This will help determine whether or not your condition is an actual infection, or whether it is just the result of a medication reaction.
The cause of erythema nodosum is not entirely known, but it is generally thought to be a reaction to an underlying infection or illness. It can also be the result of taking certain medicines, including antibiotics, steroids and biologic drugs.
Infections such as tuberculosis and streptococcal infection may cause erythema nodosum. Blood tests can check for these infections, and a throat swab can be taken to check for strep throat. For a more accurate diagnosis, a biopsy may be needed. A biopsy involves removing a small section of the affected skin and looking it under the microscope.
Although the cause of erythema nodosum may not be fully understood, it is not considered to be serious. Most cases are self-limited, and heal without scarring. Symptoms include joint pain and fever. When symptoms are severe, a doctor may prescribe antibiotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines. Compression stockings or bed rest can also be used to manage symptoms. Keeping the effected area elevated can decrease inflammation and reduce the pain.
Treatment for erythema nodosum depends on the severity of the disorder and the general health of the patient. If an infection is suspected, the doctor may order tests to make sure the infection is not causing the rash. You may be prescribed a course of antibiotics, and you may be asked to take potassium iodide tablets to lessen the inflammation. These medications can also be given as a shot or as an oral medication. They may also be used in combination with other treatments, depending on your individual needs.
Your doctor can refer you to a dermatologist, who can treat erythema nodosum with a special cream, or to an infectious diseases doctor, who can diagnose and treat the condition. An obstetrician can also provide you with recommendations for preventing or controlling the disease while you are pregnant.
Depending on your age and general health, treatment can vary. A physician may recommend a medicine that combines nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with a corticosteroid. You can also choose to try an alternative therapy that aims to strengthen your immune system and decrease inflammation. Alternative therapies can be dangerous, though, and should be used under the direction of your doctor.
Because erythema nodosum can come and go in a slow manner, you may have relapses after a few months. Getting rid of the medicine that caused the initial symptoms will also help keep a flare from developing.
Although there are no permanent effects, erythema nodosum often occurs with other illnesses or conditions. If it is found that your underlying condition is not the main cause, the skin lesions will go away on their own.
